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Commerzbank economists expect the Fed to hold rates at 3.50%–3.75%, delaying cuts amid persistent inflation and oil shocks

Commerzbank analysts expect the Federal Reserve to keep the federal funds target range unchanged at 3.50%–3.75% at the next meeting, marking a third straight hold. The view is based on inflation staying above target and higher prices linked to conflict in the Middle East and oil.

The analysts state that inflation has been above target for five years. They also note that inflation expectations may be less firmly anchored than before.

Fed Expected To Hold Rates

They expect the Fed to avoid cutting rates in the current environment to prevent adding to inflation pressures. Political pressure to cut rates is noted, but the base case is no change at the meeting.

They add that, at most, Governor Miran may vote for a rate cut. Even so, the expected outcome remains a 3.50%–3.75% target range.

The analysts project that rate cuts may resume towards the end of the year if inflation eases. They also expect the US Dollar to weaken over time, linking this to large US rate cuts and concerns about the Federal Reserve’s independence.

Looking back at our views from 2025, the expectation was for the Federal Reserve to resist political pressure and hold rates, which proved correct for a time. Now in April 2026, after two small cuts, the Fed is pausing again with the target range at 3.00%-3.25%. With the latest March CPI data showing inflation is still sticky at 3.1%, the Fed remains hesitant to ease further.

Market Implications For Traders

This environment suggests the market may be pricing in rate cuts too aggressively for the coming months. Traders could consider strategies using options on SOFR futures that would profit if the Fed remains on hold longer than expected. The ongoing tension between stubborn inflation and the desire to soften policy creates a range-bound outlook for short-term rates.

We correctly anticipated that oil prices would be a major factor, with the conflict in the Middle East during 2025 pushing crude oil over $110 per barrel. While the end of the war with Iran has brought prices back down, WTI crude is still elevated, hovering around $85. This persistent cost pressure continues to feed into core inflation, justifying the Fed’s cautious stance.

The predicted weakness in the US Dollar has also materialized, as excessive rate cuts were anticipated. The Dollar Index (DXY), which was trading near 105 for parts of 2025, has since fallen to around the 98 level. Concerns about the Fed’s dwindling independence and a ballooning national deficit suggest positioning for further dollar downside through currency futures or options.

The conflict between the Fed’s need to anchor inflation expectations and political calls for more aggressive easing creates an unstable backdrop. This points toward higher market volatility in the near term. Derivative traders should consider buying protection or speculating on a spike in uncertainty, possibly through call options on the VIX index.

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Thermo Fisher Scientific nears an upward trendline from 2020 lows, supporting a swing-trade setup now

Thermo Fisher Scientific (TMO) has fallen from highs above $640. It closed at $466.70, with price action pointing lower.

The focus is an ascending trendline that began at the 2020 lows. This trendline is currently near $420.

The move from $466.70 to about $420 implies roughly 45 to 50 points of further downside. The area around $466 is described as offering little visible technical support.

The approach outlined is to wait for price to reach the trendline before considering a swing trade long. It also states that an intraday touch is not enough, and that a confirmed daily close at or near the level with stabilisation is the validation.

A daily close back above $500 is presented as a reason to reassess the timing. The trendline level near $420 remains the key zone in this view.

We are seeing Thermo Fisher struggle to hold the $540 level after its first-quarter 2026 earnings report showed slowing revenue in its bioprocessing segment. This weakness is supported by recent industry data indicating a 5% contraction in life sciences capital expenditures, putting pressure on the stock. This brings a critical long-term support level back into focus for the coming weeks.

Looking back, we remember the sharp sell-off in 2025 that brought TMO down to its major ascending trendline, which originated from the 2020 lows. That trendline, then near $430, provided a powerful floor for a multi-month rally. Now, that same structural support line has risen and sits near the $450 mark.

Given the potential for another 80-90 points of downside before that support is tested, a straightforward bearish position makes sense for the next few weeks. We see value in buying the June 2026 put options with strikes around $500 or $480. This provides direct exposure to the expected decline towards the key trendline.

For those looking to generate income from this view, consider selling bearish call credit spreads. A spread using the May or June 2026 expirations with strikes above resistance, such as $560/$570, could be effective. This strategy profits if TMO stays below $560, aligning with the view that there is no immediate catalyst for a significant upside move.

The primary trade, however, requires patience and is not a short position. As TMO approaches that ascending trendline near $450, we should prepare to shift our bias. A high-probability trade would be to sell bullish put credit spreads, such as the July 2026 $450/$440, to collect premium on the expectation of strong support materializing at that level.

We will need to reassess this downward trajectory if the stock can reclaim the post-earnings high near $565 on strong volume. Such a move would suggest buyers have absorbed the negative news and could delay a test of the trendline. Until then, the path of least resistance appears to be lower toward that historic support.

Silver trades sideways, hindered beneath medium-term moving averages, as oil inflation and US-Iran tensions keep rates elevated

Silver (XAG/USD) traded flat on Friday, with gains limited by oil-led inflation concerns linked to US-Iran tensions. This has supported expectations that interest rates may stay higher for longer.

XAG/USD was near $75.52 after an intraday low of $73.95, and it is down over 5% this week. Pressure has come from a stronger US Dollar and firm Treasury yields, alongside higher oil prices as US-Iran talks stall and tensions rise in the Strait of Hormuz.

Silver Technical Picture

On the daily chart, Silver remains bearish in the near term while it stays below the 50-day SMA at $78 and the 100-day SMA at $79. These levels have capped the recent rebound.

The 200-day SMA at $62 remains below the current price and is a wider support area. RSI is 47, just under 50, while MACD shows a marginally positive histogram but limited upside while price remains under the short- and medium-term averages.

Resistance sits at $78 and then $79, where a daily close above could reduce downside bias. Support is watched around $75-$74, with further risk towards $62 if prices break lower.

The technical analysis was produced with help from an AI tool.

Macro Drivers And Trade Ideas

Given the current pressure from US-Iran tensions, we see the immediate path for silver as being tilted to the downside for the next few weeks. The surge in oil prices is directly fueling inflation worries, which in turn reinforces expectations that the Federal Reserve will keep interest rates higher for longer. This backdrop makes it difficult for a non-yielding asset like silver to gain any meaningful upward momentum.

The recent economic data supports this cautious view, making bearish derivative plays more compelling. With WTI crude trading firmly above $115 a barrel, the March 2026 Consumer Price Index (CPI) report came in hotter than expected at 3.8%, dashing hopes for a quick return to the Fed’s target. Consequently, the US 10-year Treasury yield is holding strong above 4.75%, creating a significant headwind for silver prices.

From a tactical standpoint, we are watching the resistance at the 50-day moving average around $78 as a key level for initiating or adding to short positions. Derivative traders could consider buying put options with strike prices below $75 or implementing bear call spreads to capitalize on range-bound action below the $78-$79 ceiling. The immediate focus is on whether the $74 short-term pivot gives way under this pressure.

A sustained break below the $74 support would signal a more serious downturn, potentially accelerating the move toward the 200-day moving average at $62. We saw a similar dynamic throughout much of 2025, where persistent high interest rates kept a firm lid on any rally attempts in the precious metals sector. That historical price action suggests a break of key short-term support could lead to a swift decline.

While the near-term outlook is weak, the long-term support around $62 should not be ignored, as it represents a significant technical floor. Industry data from early 2026 continues to show a structural supply deficit due to robust industrial and green energy demand for silver. Therefore, while downside strategies are favored now, a complete price collapse seems unlikely unless the global economic outlook deteriorates much more severely.

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Scotiabank strategists say the CAD is steady as USD/CAD pulls back from repeated 1.37 tests

The Canadian Dollar was little changed as USD/CAD moved down after several tests of the low 1.37 area overnight. The broader US Dollar tone remained the main driver of USD/CAD.

Late-week Canadian Dollar losses moved USD/CAD away from estimated equilibrium at 1.3574 and stretched fair value again. Without a flare-up in market tensions and stronger safe-haven demand for the US Dollar, near-term gains in USD/CAD may be limited.

USD/CAD was described as bearish overall, with the wider downtrend still in place despite minor US Dollar gains. Trend momentum signals have softened, but bearish trend strength signals remain aligned across short-, medium- and long-term oscillators.

Resistance was placed in the low-to-mid 1.37 zone, with support at 1.3625. The bearish view would weaken if spot moves decisively above 1.3750.

The article was produced using an artificial intelligence tool and reviewed by an editor.

We are seeing the USD/CAD pair repeatedly fail to push above the 1.37 level, suggesting that the US dollar’s recent strength may be running out of steam. While the broad American dollar trend is still the main story, the pair seems stretched from its estimated fair value of around 1.3575. This situation suggests that unless a major market shock sends investors rushing to safety, there is little room for the pair to move higher from here.

Supporting a stronger Canadian dollar, recent domestic data has been firm. Canada’s latest CPI reading for March came in at 2.9%, holding firmer than analysts had predicted, while the economy also recently posted a net gain of 45,000 jobs. This resilience may keep the Bank of Canada from cutting interest rates soon, narrowing the policy gap with the U.S. Federal Reserve.

Furthermore, energy markets are providing a tailwind for our currency. WTI crude has recently stabilized above $85 a barrel, and seasonal demand is expected to keep prices supported through the spring. Historically, higher oil prices are strongly correlated with a stronger loonie, which adds another barrier to a higher USD/CAD.

For traders in the coming weeks, this suggests that selling call options or implementing bear call spreads on USD/CAD with strike prices at or above 1.3750 for May and June 2026 expiries could be a prudent strategy. This approach profits from the view that the pair’s upside is capped, collecting premium as time passes. It aligns with the technical signals showing that the broader bearish trend remains in place.

More aggressive traders might consider buying put options to bet on a decline back towards the 1.3625 support level. We recall the significant volatility in late 2025 when central bank signals caused sharp moves, and a decisive break of support could trigger a quick drop. A put option with a 1.3600 strike offers a way to capitalize on such a downward move.

The primary risk to this outlook remains a sudden flight to safety, which would bolster the US dollar as a haven asset. A significant flare-up in global geopolitical tensions could quickly invalidate the bearish case for USD/CAD. Therefore, any short positions on the pair should be managed with stop-losses set above the 1.3750 resistance area.

MUFG’s Derek Halpenny says Hormuz disruption boosts oil and input costs, pushing US inflation towards 3.8%

A prolonged closure of the Strait of Hormuz is linked to higher oil and input costs, with agricultural and fuel prices already rising. Crude oil is assumed to average USD 115 per barrel in Q2, which could push US inflation to around 3.6% in Q2 and about 3.8% in Q3 and Q4 this year.

Reports cite sharp increases in farm-related inputs in the US. Nitrogen fertiliser is up more than 30%, urea is up 47% (a record rise), and farm diesel is up 46%.

Inflation Pressures From Energy And Inputs

If the Strait of Hormuz remains closed for weeks, these costs may rise further. Food prices for consumers may be affected as higher fertiliser and fuel costs feed through supply chains.

The scenario is associated with increased global market volatility and added pressure on central banks to tighten policy more forcefully. The impact on refined fuels and fertiliser prices could mean the inflation estimates are too low.

The article states it was created with the help of an artificial intelligence tool and reviewed by an editor.

Looking back at the analysis from early 2025, the concerns over the Strait of Hormuz closure and its inflationary impact were well-founded. The prediction that crude oil would average near $115 per barrel in the second quarter proved accurate, creating the exact pressures we anticipated. These sustained energy costs became a primary driver of the market volatility we experienced throughout the second half of last year.

Positioning In Rates Energy And Agriculture

The knock-on effects materialized just as projected, with U.S. inflation data from the Bureau of Labor Statistics confirming the trend. Core inflation did accelerate, peaking at 3.9% in the fourth quarter of 2025, which kept the Federal Reserve from considering any rate cuts. This historical data confirms that the supply-side shock was not temporary and is still influencing monetary policy today.

Given that inflation remains stubbornly above the Fed’s target, we should position for a “higher for longer” interest rate environment. This involves using SOFR futures to hedge against the possibility of fewer rate cuts in 2026 than the market is currently pricing in. The persistence of high input costs means the central bank has very little room to ease policy without risking another inflationary surge.

In the energy markets, the immediate panic has subsided, but a geopolitical risk premium is now firmly embedded in crude oil prices. Traders should use options on energy ETFs like the XLE to protect against renewed price spikes, as any escalation in the Middle East could quickly send oil back toward its 2025 highs. Using call spreads is a cost-effective way to maintain upside exposure while defining risk.

The impact on agriculture is still rippling through the economy, a classic lagging effect of the energy crisis from last year. Recent data from the Green Markets North America Fertilizer Price Index shows prices remain elevated, up 25% year-over-year, squeezing farm margins. This suggests there is still opportunity in positioning for higher food prices by using derivatives on agricultural commodity ETFs such as DBA.

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USD/JPY falls near 159.50 as US-Iran talks lift sentiment; BoJ policy outlook caps rebounds

USD/JPY traded near 159.50 on Friday, down 0.14% on the day, ending four straight days of gains. The move followed a pullback in the US Dollar as improved sentiment reduced demand for safe-haven assets.

Expectations of a new round of US-Iran discussions supported risk-sensitive markets. Iranian Foreign Minister Seyed Abbas Araghchi was expected to arrive in Pakistan on Friday, and the US Dollar Index (DXY) eased towards 98.60.

Geopolitical Tensions And Market Impact

US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said the ceasefire remains fragile and warned that any new Iranian mine-laying would breach the agreement. He said shipping through the Strait of Hormuz is continuing and called for greater European involvement to help secure the route.

In Japan, the Yen found some support from intervention speculation and comments from the Ministry of Finance. Finance Minister Satsuki Katayama reiterated readiness to act against excessive speculative moves and said Japan is coordinating closely with the US.

The Bank of Japan is expected to keep its policy rate unchanged at 0.75% at its next meeting, while still allowing for future tightening. MUFG said a dovish message could lift USD/JPY above 160, while a more hawkish message could help steady the Yen.

Given the conflicting signals, we see USD/JPY as being stuck in a tense range right below the critical 160.00 level. The improving risk sentiment from US-Iran talks is putting a lid on the pair, but the Bank of Japan’s cautious policy stance is keeping a floor under it. This kind of environment suggests that any sharp move will likely be driven by a surprise event.

Intervention Risk And Options Positioning

The primary risk for anyone betting on the pair moving higher is intervention from Japanese authorities. We all remember the sharp drops in late 2024 and mid-2025 when the Ministry of Finance stepped in to defend the yen around these same levels. For this reason, buying put options with a strike price around 158.50 could be a smart hedge for the next few weeks.

Volatility is clearly the main theme here, making long straddle or strangle option strategies attractive. One-month implied volatility for USD/JPY has already climbed to 11.2% this month, reflecting the market’s uncertainty ahead of the next BoJ meeting. This strategy allows traders to profit from a large price swing in either direction without needing to guess the trigger.

On the other hand, the possibility of the BoJ sounding more dovish than expected could easily push the pair through the 160 barrier. With Tokyo’s core CPI holding steady at 2.3% year-over-year, some market participants believe the BoJ will delay further tightening, making yen-selling trades popular again. This makes buying call options a viable way to bet on a breakout to the upside.

We must also watch the situation in the Strait of Hormuz, as any escalation could quickly reverse the current risk-on mood. A similar flare-up in early 2025 caused WTI crude oil prices to jump by 4% in just two days, triggering a flight to the safety of the US Dollar. A repeat of that would add more fuel to a potential move higher in USD/JPY, independent of central bank actions.

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BNY’s Bob Savage says Norwegian krone support is fading as commodity momentum weakens and hedges unwind

BNY reported that earlier support for the Norwegian krone (NOK) from higher energy prices and expectations of tighter Norges Bank policy is easing. It said commodity-linked currency momentum is weakening, with NOK seeing outflows as hedging demand unwinds and rate expectations peak.

BNY said commodity FX had been leading previously, including NOK and AUD among G10 currencies, supported by energy and hawkish policy that favoured carry. It noted AUD had its biggest three-day outflows, while NOK recorded two days of outflows.

Nok Rerating Near Completion

BNY said NOK’s re-rating is largely complete. It added that Norges Bank has indicated only one further interest-rate rise and has pushed back against expectations of more tightening.

Norway’s consumer confidence index stayed deeply negative in April at -19.1, little changed from March. The report said sentiment has remained below recent averages amid high energy and commodity prices, trade uncertainty, and expectations of further rate increases.

We see that the strong run-up in the Norwegian Krone, which was a major theme this time last year in 2025, has largely run its course. The key drivers from that period, namely surging energy prices and aggressive rate hike expectations from Norges Bank, have since faded. As of April 2026, the environment looks very different, and the momentum that once supported the NOK has softened considerably.

Norges Bank has now held its key policy rate steady at 4.75% for the last three meetings, confirming the peak in its tightening cycle that we anticipated back in 2025. With Norway’s core inflation having recently cooled to 3.8% year-over-year, down from highs over 6% last year, there is little pressure on the central bank to resume hiking. This removes a critical pillar of support for the currency that traders had been relying on.

Trading Implications For Eur Nok

The energy backdrop is also less favorable now than it was during the geopolitical tensions of 2025. Brent crude oil prices have stabilized and are currently trading around $82 a barrel, well off the peaks that previously fueled significant inflows into the Krone. Consequently, positioning in currency derivatives should shift away from expecting further NOK strength.

Looking at the domestic economy, Norwegian consumer confidence remains weak, having only slightly improved to -15.5 from the deeply pessimistic -19.1 reading recorded in April of last year. This persistent lack of sentiment highlights an underlying fragility that will likely keep Norges Bank from considering any hawkish moves. This suggests that the upside for the Krone is now significantly limited.

Given this backdrop, we believe traders should consider strategies that benefit from a sideways or weaker NOK in the coming weeks. Selling out-of-the-money calls on the NOK against the Euro or the U.S. Dollar could be an effective way to position for this view. This strategy profits from stagnant price action and limited upside potential for the Krone.

Specifically, we have seen the EUR/NOK exchange rate climb from its lows near 11.30 last year to current levels around 11.90. Using options to position for a continued grind higher toward the 12.00 level seems prudent. The fundamental support for a stronger Krone has clearly diminished, and the path of least resistance appears to be a weaker currency.

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Despite beating earnings expectations by 15.87%, Tesla shares faltered as investors focused on a weak 2026 outlook

Tesla reported a 15.87% earnings surprise, yet the share price fell. From Wednesday’s close to Thursday’s open, the first hourly candle dropped about 4.86%.

The stock later ended down roughly 3.4% to 3.7%, near $373 per share. The move followed guidance for higher spending rather than the latest quarterly results.

Higher Spending Drives The Reaction

Tesla now expects capital expenditure of around $25 billion this year, about $5 billion above prior guidance. Spending is linked to Cybercab production, robotaxi development, Optimus humanoid robots, and AI and robotics infrastructure.

Guidance indicated these projects could weigh on free cash flow for the rest of 2026. This raised concern about near-term costs, timing, and cash generation.

On the 1-hour chart, price remains under the 1H 50 EMA band, drawn using Bollinger Bands at 1 standard deviation. Anchored VWAPs from about $410 and about $338 align with resistance near $391.

Resistance levels include $377.74, about $382, and the $385 to $387 area, with a wider cap near $391. Support sits around $363.12 to $368, with risk of a move towards about $338 if that breaks.

Bearish Bias And Options Positioning

The market has made it clear that Tesla’s earnings beat was not the real story. We are now focused on the higher spending and weaker free cash flow outlook for the rest of 2026. This fundamental pressure suggests a cautious to bearish stance is appropriate in the coming weeks.

Given this setup, strategies like buying put options or initiating bear call spreads could be effective. The technical charts point to significant resistance around the $385 to $391 area, making it an attractive zone to sell call options against. This allows us to collect premium while the market digests the negative forward guidance.

The broader economic environment supports this cautious view. The latest CPI data for March 2026 came in at 3.1%, which was hotter than anticipated and has pushed back expectations for a Federal Reserve rate cut. This high-interest-rate environment tends to weigh on growth-oriented stocks that are heavily reliant on future profits.

We saw a similar pattern following the Q4 2025 earnings report, where forward-looking concerns overshadowed a decent quarter. In that instance, the stock failed to hold its initial gains and drifted lower over the next month. History suggests that rallies in the near term may be short-lived and could present better entry points for bearish positions.

Volatility has also come down after the earnings event, making it cheaper to buy options now. With the VIX index currently trading around 18, there is an underlying level of market anxiety that could help fuel a move lower if key support levels are broken. This decrease in implied volatility presents a better risk-reward for purchasing puts than was available before the announcement.

The primary support level we are watching is the $363 to $368 zone. If Tesla fails to hold this area, it opens up a path toward the recent lows around $338. A breakdown below $363 would be our signal that the next leg down is beginning, making puts with a $350 or $340 strike price particularly interesting.

Until the stock can convincingly reclaim the resistance at $391, any bounce should be viewed as a corrective move within a downtrend. We will treat rallies toward the $385 level as opportunities to add to bearish positions or establish new ones. The market wants proof that the spending on AI and robotics will pay off, and until then, it is likely to punish the stock for its near-term costs.

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Societe Generale expects rates unchanged, yet firmer UK inflation and PMIs may spur hawkish BoE dissent soon

UK inflation and business surveys came in above forecasts, raising the prospect of a hawkish dissent at the next Bank of England meeting. The central expectation remains a unanimous hold.

The manufacturing PMI rose to 53.6 from 51.0, with new orders up to 52.6. The services PMI increased to 52.0 from 50.5, with new orders at 50.1.

Inflation And Survey Signals

Consumer Price Index inflation rose to 3.3% year-on-year in March from 3.0% in February. Core inflation dipped to 3.1%.

Services inflation increased to 4.5% and goods inflation rose to 2.1%. Service-sector cost inflation recorded its largest monthly rise since the index began in July 1996.

The Bank of England forecasts little slowing in inflation between Q1 and Q2, with an average near 3%. The unemployment rate fell by 0.3 percentage points to 4.9%.

Average earnings excluding bonuses slowed to 3.8% on a three-month year-on-year basis in February, from an upward revised 4.1% in January. Private sector pay growth eased to 3.2% from 3.3%.

Meeting Risks And Market Positioning

The view for the meeting is a 9–0 vote for no change. There is also a forecast for three rate cuts in 2027.

The upcoming Bank of England meeting is creating caution, as inflation remains stubbornly above the 2% target. With the current Bank Rate at 4.25%, recent data showing the Consumer Price Index at 2.8% means we are not yet clear of price pressures. This situation feels similar to this time in 2025, when a surprise inflation reading of 3.3% challenged expectations for a smooth return to normal.

We remember this time in 2025 when surprisingly strong PMI figures and a record jump in service sector costs fueled talk of a hawkish dissent. Today’s services PMI reading of 51.5 is solid, and that history suggests options markets may be underpricing the risk of a hawkish hold or commentary. Any tone suggesting a delay in further rate cuts could cause significant volatility in short-term interest rate futures.

A key difference from the situation in 2025 is the current wage growth data, which is hovering around 4.5% according to the latest Office for National Statistics release. While this is down from its peak, it remains well above the current inflation rate, creating a headache for the Monetary Policy Committee. This persistent real wage growth argues against the case for rapid rate cuts that many had priced in for the second half of this year.

This suggests a potential trade strategy using short-dated options on the British pound. A surprisingly firm stance from the Bank could cause a brief spike in GBP/USD, similar to the “shot in the arm” pattern observed after the hawkish hold in 2025. This creates an opportunity to position for a subsequent fade as the market refocuses on the eventual cutting cycle.

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Hegseth warned that Iran laying additional mines would breach the ceasefire, Reuters reported in the US

US Defense Secretary Pete Hegseth said on Friday that any move by Iran to lay more mines would be treated as a breach of the ceasefire, according to Reuters. He said passage through the Strait of Hormuz is continuing.

Hegseth also said the United States would welcome a serious European effort to address the situation in the strait. No further details were provided.

The comments did not prompt a clear market move. The US Dollar Index was down 0.2% on the day at 98.60 at the time of reporting.

US stock index futures were mixed ahead of the opening bell. Dow futures were down 0.1%, while S&P 500 futures were up about 0.4%.

We recall from last year, in 2025, when the market largely ignored the Defense Secretary’s warnings about Iran and the Strait of Hormuz. At the time, the US Dollar Index barely moved, and equities were mixed, showing a clear sense of complacency. That calm seems to be fading as we head into May 2026.

Recent satellite imagery and shipping lane reports show a notable increase in Iranian naval patrols near the strait, through which roughly one-fifth of the world’s oil supply travels daily. While no mines have been laid, the posturing itself is causing crude oil prices to react, with Brent crude climbing over 10% in the last month to $88 per barrel. This is a significant shift from the relative quiet of last year.

For traders, this suggests a growing risk premium in the energy markets that was absent in 2025. Buying call options on oil futures or on oil-related ETFs like USO could offer leveraged exposure to a potential supply shock if tensions escalate further. We have seen in past conflicts, such as the disruptions in the late 1970s, how quickly oil prices can double on the mere threat of a chokepoint closure.

This geopolitical uncertainty also points toward higher market volatility. The VIX index, a measure of expected market turbulence, has already ticked up from 14 to 18 in recent weeks. Traders should consider buying VIX call options as a direct bet on increasing market fear or as a hedge against long equity positions.

Furthermore, a flight to safety could benefit the US dollar, reversing the weakness seen during the 2025 announcement. Simultaneously, put options on major stock indices like the S&P 500 offer a way to protect against or profit from a downturn caused by a sudden oil price spike. The market is beginning to price in the risk it previously dismissed.

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